Ngokwezibalo zoMnyango Wokuvikela Imvelo kaHulumeni waseHong Kong SAR ngo-2022, amathani angama-227 epulasitiki ne-styrofoam tableware alahlwa e-Hong Kong nsuku zonke, okuyinani elikhulu lamathani angaphezu kuka-82,000 minyaka yonke. Ukuze kubhekwane nenkinga yezemvelo edalwe imikhiqizo yepulasitiki elahlwayo, uhulumeni we-SAR umemezele ukuthi imithetho ehlobene nokulawulwa kwezitsha zepulasitiki ezilahlwayo neminye imikhiqizo yepulasitiki izosetshenziswa kusukela ngo-Ephreli 22, 2024, okuphawula ukuqala kwesahluko esisha eHong. Izenzo zokuvikela imvelo zikaKong. Kodwa-ke, indlela eya kwezinye izindlela ezisimeme ayilula, futhi izinto ezibolayo, nakuba zithembisa, zibhekana nezinselele eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kulo mongo, kufanele sihlole ngokunengqondo zonke izindlela, sigweme “ugibe oluluhlaza”, futhi sikhuthaze izixazululo ezivumelana nemvelo ngempela.
Ngomhla zingama-22 kuMbasa, 2024, i-Hong Kong yethula isigaba sokuqala sokusetshenziswa kwemithetho ehlobene nokulawulwa kwezitsha zepulasitiki ezilahlwayo neminye imikhiqizo yepulasitiki. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kwenqatshelwe ukuthengisa nokuhlinzeka ngezinhlobo eziyi-9 zezitsha zepulasitiki ezilahlwayo ezincane ngosayizi futhi okunzima ukuzisebenzisa kabusha (zimboza izitsha ze-polystyrene ezinwetshiwe, ama-straws, ama-stirrers, izinkomishi zepulasitiki neziqukathi zokudla, njll.), kanye nama-swabs kakotini. , izembozo zezambulela, amahhotela, njll. Imikhiqizo evamile njengezinto zangasese ezilahlwayo. Inhloso yalesi sinyathelo esihle ukubhekana nokulimala kwemvelo okubangelwa imikhiqizo yepulasitiki esetshenziswa kanye, kuyilapho kukhuthaza abantu ngabanye kanye namabhizinisi ukuthi bashintshele kwezinye izindlela ezingasizungezile nezisimeme.
Izigcawu ezisogwini lwase-Hong Kong zihlaba umkhosi ngokuvikelwa kwemvelo. Ingabe siyafuna ngempela ukuphila endaweni enjalo? Kungani umhlaba ulapha? Nokho, okukhathaza nakakhulu ukuthi izinga lokugaywa kabusha kwepulasitiki laseHong Kong liphansi kakhulu! Ngokusho kwedatha yango-2021, yi-5.7% kuphela yamapulasitiki ase-Hong Kong asetshenziswe kabusha ngempumelelo. Lesi sibalo esishaqisayo sidinga ngokushesha ukuthi sithathe isinyathelo ngokushesha ukuze sibhekane nenkinga yemfucumfucu yepulasitiki futhi sikhuthaze ngenkuthalo uguquko lomphakathi ekusetshenzisweni kwezindlela ezingezona ezemvelo nezisimeme.
Ngakho yiziphi ezinye izindlela ezisimeme?
Nakuba izimboni ezihlukahlukene zihlola ngenkuthalo izinto ezibolayo ezifana ne-polylactic acid (PLA) noma i-bagasse (izinto ezine-fibrous ezikhishwe ezihlahleni zomoba) njengomsebe wethemba lokuxazulula inkinga yokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki, inkinga iwukuthi Umongo uwukuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi ezinye izindlela empeleni zinobungani bemvelo. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi izinto ezibolayo ziyobhidlika futhi ziwohloke ngokushesha, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ingozi yokungcoliswa unomphela kwemvelo okuvela kudoti wepulasitiki. Kodwa-ke, okungafanele sikushaye indiva ukuthi inani lamagesi abamba ukushisa akhishwa phakathi nenqubo yokuwohloka kwalezi zinto (njenge-polylactic acid noma iphepha) ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu zaseHong Kong likhulu kakhulu kunelapulasitiki elivamile.
Ngo-2020, i-Life Cycle Initiative yaqeda ukuhlaziya imeta. Ukuhlaziywa kunikeza isifinyezo sekhwalithi yemibiko yokuhlola umjikelezo wempilo yezinto ezihlukahlukene zokupakisha, futhi isiphetho siyadumaza: amapulasitiki asekelwe ku-bio (amapulasitiki abolayo) enziwe ngezinto zemvelo ezifana nomdumbula nommbila kunomthelela omubi endaweni ezungezile Ukusebenza emthelela ubukhulu abungcono kunopulasitiki osuselwe ezintweni ezimbiwa phansi njengoba besilindele
Amabhokisi esidlo sasemini enziwe nge-polystyrene, i-polylactic acid (ummbila), i-polylactic acid (isitashi se-tapioca)
Amapulasitiki asekelwe ku-bio awangcono ngempela kunepulasitiki asekelwe ezintweni ezimbiwa phansi. Kungani lokhu?
Isizathu esisodwa esibalulekile ukuthi isigaba sokukhiqiza ezolimo siyabiza: ukukhiqiza amapulasitiki asuselwa ku-bio (amapulasitiki abolayo) kudinga izindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba, amanzi amaningi, kanye nezinto ezifakwa ngamakhemikhali njengezibulala-zinambuzane nomanyolo, okuyinto nakanjani Ekhishwa emhlabathini, emanzini nasemoyeni. .
Isiteji sokukhiqiza kanye nesisindo somkhiqizo ngokwawo nakho kuyizici ezingenakunakwa. Thatha amabhokisi esidlo sasemini enziwe nge-bagasse njengesibonelo. Njengoba i-bagasse ngokwayo iwumkhiqizo ongenamsebenzi, umthelela wayo endaweni ezungezile ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwezolimo mncane uma kuqhathaniswa. Kodwa-ke, inqubo yokufaka i-bleaching elandelayo ye-bagasse pulp kanye nokukhishwa kwamanzi angcolile okukhiqizwa ngemva kokugeza i-pulp kuye kwaba nemiphumela emibi ezindaweni eziningi ezifana nesimo sezulu, impilo yabantu kanye nobuthi bemvelo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, nakuba ukukhishwa kwempahla eluhlaza kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamabhokisi e-polystyrene foam (amabhokisi e-foam e-PS) kuhlanganisa nenani elikhulu lezinqubo zamakhemikhali nezomzimba, njengoba i-bagasse inesisindo esikhulu, ngokwemvelo idinga izinto eziningi, okunzima kakhulu. Lokhu kungase kuholele ekukhishweni okuphelele okungaphezulu ngokuqhathaniswa kuwo wonke umjikelezo wempilo. Ngakho-ke, kufanele siqaphele ukuthi nakuba izindlela zokukhiqiza nokuhlolwa kwemikhiqizo ehlukene zihluka kakhulu, kunzima ukuphetha kalula ngokuthi iyiphi inketho “engcono kakhulu” kwezinye izindlela zokusetshenziswa okukodwa.
Ngakho-ke ingabe lokhu kusho ukuthi kufanele sibuyele kupulasitiki?
Impendulo ithi cha. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu okutholwe manje, kufanele futhi kucace ukuthi ezinye izindlela esikhundleni sepulasitiki zingase futhi zize ngezindleko zemvelo. Uma lezi zindlela ezingasetshenziswa kanye zinganikezi izixazululo ezizinzile esithemba ngazo, kufanele sihlole kabusha isidingo semikhiqizo esetshenziswa kanye futhi sihlole izinketho ezingase zibe khona ukuze sinciphise noma sigweme ukusetshenziswa kwayo. Izinyathelo eziningi zokuqaliswa zikahulumeni we-SAR, njengokumisa izikhathi zokulungiselela, ukukhuthaza imfundo yomphakathi kanye nokwazisa umphakathi, kanye nokusungula inkundla yolwazi ukuze kwabelwane ngezinye izindlela zemikhiqizo yepulasitiki esetshenziswa kanye, konke kubonisa isici esibalulekile esingenakushaywa indiva esithinta “ipulasitiki yaseHong Kong.” -mahhala”, okuwukuthi izakhamizi zase-Hong Kong zizimisele yini Yamukela lezi zindlela ezihlukile, njengokuthembisa ukuletha ibhodlela lakho lamanzi nezitsha. Amashifu anjalo abalulekile ekukhuthazeni izindlela zokuphila ezinobungani nemvelo.
Kulezo zakhamuzi ezikhohlwa (noma ezingazimisele) ukuza neziqukathi zazo, ukuhlola uhlelo lokuboleka nokubuyisela iziqukathi ezisebenziseka kabusha sekuyisixazululo esinoveli nesingenzeka. Ngalolu hlelo, amakhasimende angaboleka kalula iziqukathi ezisebenziseka kabusha futhi azibuyisele ezindaweni eziqokiwe ngemva kokusetshenziswa. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto ezilahlwayo, ukwandisa izinga lokuphinda lisetshenziswe lalezi ziqukathi, ukwamukela izinqubo zokuhlanza eziphumelelayo, kanye nokuthuthukisa ngokuqhubekayo umklamo wohlelo lokuboleka nokubuyisela kungase kusebenze ngenani eliphakathi lokubuya (80%, ~ 5 imijikelezo) Yehlisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa ( 12-22%), ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo (34-48%), futhi kukonga ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngo-16% kuya ku-40%. Ngale ndlela, inkomishi ye-BYO kanye nemalimboleko yesiqukathi esisebenziseka kabusha kanye nezinhlelo zokubuyisela zingaba inketho esimeme kakhulu ezimeni zokuthatha nokudiliva.
Ukuvinjelwa kweHong Kong kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki esetshenziswa kanye ngokungangabazeki kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekubhekaneni nenkinga yokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki nokucekelwa phansi kwemvelo. Nakuba kungenangqondo ukulahla ngokuphelele imikhiqizo yepulasitiki ezimpilweni zethu, kufanele siqaphele ukuthi ukumane ukhuthaze ezinye izindlela ezilahlwayo akusona isixazululo esiyisisekelo futhi kungase kubangele nezinkinga ezintsha zemvelo; ngokuphambene nalokho, kufanele sisize umhlaba ukuqeda ubugqila "bepulasitiki" Isihluthulelo ukuqwashisa umphakathi: wonke umuntu makaqonde lapho kufanele agweme ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki nokupakisha, futhi nini ukukhetha imikhiqizo engasetshenziswa kabusha, ngenkathi elwela ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo esetshenziswa kanye ukuze kuthuthukiswe indlela yokuphila eluhlaza, eqhubekayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-14-2024