Amabhodlela epulasitiki abe yingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwethu kwansuku zonke, enikeza indlela elula nephathekayo yokudla iziphuzo nolunye uketshezi. Nokho, ukusetshenziswa kabanzi kwamabhodlela epulasitiki nakho kuye kwaholela enkingeni enkulu yendawo ezungezile: ukunqwabelana kwemfucumfucu yepulasitiki engasetshenzisiwe. Minyaka yonke, inani elishaqisayo lamabhodlela epulasitiki awavuselelwa kabusha, okuholela ekungcoleni, ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo kanye nokulimala kwezilwane zasendle. Kulesi sihloko, sihlola umthelela wamabhodlela epulasitiki angaphinde asetshenziswe futhi sibheke ukuthi mangaki amabhodlela epulasitiki angavuselelwa njalo ngonyaka.
Umthelela wamabhodlela epulasitiki endaweni
Amabhodlela epulasitiki enziwe nge-polyethylene terephthalate (PET) noma i-high-density polyethylene (HDPE), kokubili atholakala kumafutha angavuseleleki. Ukukhiqizwa kwamabhodlela epulasitiki kudinga amandla amakhulu nezinsiza, futhi ukulahlwa kwala mabhodlela kubangela usongo olukhulu emvelweni. Uma amabhodlela epulasitiki engavuselelwa kabusha, ngokuvamile agcina esendaweni yokulahla imfucumfucu noma njengodoti ezindaweni zemvelo.
Ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki sekuyinkinga yomhlaba wonke, njengoba imfucuza yepulasitiki ingcolisa izilwandle, imifula kanye nezindawo ezisemhlabeni. Ukuqina kwepulasitiki kusho ukuthi ingahlala endaweni ezungezile amakhulu eminyaka, ihlehle ibe yizicucu ezincane ezibizwa ngama-microplastics. Lawa ma-microplastic angase adliwe yizilwane zasendle, okubangele uchungechunge lwemithelela engemihle ku-ecosystem ne-biodiversity.
Ngaphezu komthelela wemvelo wokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki, ukukhiqizwa nokulahlwa kwamabhodlela epulasitiki nakho kunomthelela ekukhishweni kwesisi esibamba ukushisa kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Izinqubo zokukhishwa nokwenziwa kwezinto ezimbiwa phansi kanye nokuwohloka kwemfucuza yepulasitiki konke kukhulula i-carbon dioxide namanye amagesi abamba ukushisa emkhathini, okubhebhethekisa inkinga yesimo sezulu emhlabeni.
Isilinganiso senkinga: Mangaki amabhodlela epulasitiki angagaywe kabusha unyaka ngamunye?
Izinga lemfucuza yamabhodlela epulasitiki engasetshenzisiwe liyashaqisa ngempela. Ngokwenhlangano emele imvelo i-Ocean Conservancy, ilinganiselwa ezigidini ezingu-8 amathani emfucumfucu yepulasitiki engena olwandle minyaka yonke. Nakuba kungeyona yonke le mfucumfucu esesimweni samabhodlela epulasitiki, ngokuqinisekile abangela ingxenye enkulu yokungcola okuphelele kwepulasitiki.
Mayelana nezinombolo ezithile, ukuhlinzeka ngesibalo esinembile senani lamabhodlela epulasitiki angaphinde asetshenziswe unyaka ngamunye emhlabeni wonke kuyinselele. Nokho, idatha evela ku-US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) isinika ukuqonda ngezinga lenkinga. E-United States iyodwa, kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe amaphesenti angama-30 kuphela amabhodlela epulasitiki asetshenziswa kabusha, okusho ukuthi ama-70% asele agcina esezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu, ezindaweni zokushiswa kwempahla, noma njengodoti.
Emhlabeni jikelele, izilinganiso zokugaywa kabusha kwamabhodlela epulasitiki ziyahlukahluka kakhulu phakathi kwamazwe, kanti ezinye izifunda zinezinga eliphezulu lokugaywa kabusha kunezinye. Nokho, kusobala ukuthi ingxenye enkulu yamabhodlela epulasitiki awagaywa kabusha, okuholela ekulimaleni okusabalele kwemvelo.
Ukuxazulula inkinga: Ukukhuthaza ukugaywa kabusha kanye nokunciphisa udoti wepulasitiki
Imizamo yokubhekana nenkinga yamabhodlela epulasitiki angakagaywa kabusha ixubene futhi idinga isinyathelo kumuntu ngamunye, emphakathini nakuhulumeni. Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokunciphisa umthelela wemvelo wamabhodlela epulasitiki ukukhuthaza ukugaywa kabusha nokwandisa izinga lokugaywa kabusha kwamabhodlela epulasitiki.
Imikhankaso yezemfundo nokuqwashisa ingadlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuthazeni abantu ukuthi baphinde basebenzise amabhodlela epulasitiki. Ukunikeza ulwazi olucacile mayelana nokubaluleka kokugaywa kabusha, umthelela wemvelo wemfucumfucu yepulasitiki engasetshenzisiwe kanye nezinzuzo zomnotho oyindilinga kungasiza ekuguquleni ukuziphatha kwabathengi futhi kukhuphule izinga lokugaywa kabusha.
Ngaphezu kwezenzo zomuntu ngamunye, amabhizinisi kanye nohulumeni banesibopho sokusebenzisa izinqubomgomo nezinhlelo ezisekela ukugaywa kabusha nokunciphisa udoti wepulasitiki. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukutshala izimali kungqalasizinda egaywe kabusha, ukusebenzisa izikimu zediphozithi yamabhodlela ukuze kukhuthazwe ukugaywa kabusha, kanye nokukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izinto noma iziqukathi ezisebenziseka kabusha.
Ukwengeza, izinto ezintsha ekwakhiweni kwamabhodlela epulasitiki, njengokusebenzisa izinto ezigaywe kabusha noma ukudala ezinye izindlela ezibolayo, kungasiza ekunciphiseni umthelela wemvelo wokukhiqizwa nokulahlwa kwamabhodlela epulasitiki. Ngokwamukela izixazululo ezisimeme zokupakisha, imboni ingaba nomthelela endleleni eyisiyingi futhi enobungani bemvelo ekusebenziseni amabhodlela epulasitiki.
Ekuphetheni
Umthelela wemvelo wamabhodlela epulasitiki angakagaywa kabusha wudaba olubalulekile futhi oluphuthumayo oludinga izinyathelo ezihlangene ukuze kulungiswe. Isamba esikhulu semfucumfucu yamabhodlela epulasitiki angasetshenzisiwe minyaka yonke kudala ukungcoliswa, ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo kanye nokulimala kwemvelo. Ngokugqugquzela ukugaywa kabusha, ukunciphisa udoti wepulasitiki kanye nokusebenzisa izixazululo ezisimeme zokupakisha, singasebenzela ukunciphisa umthelela wemvelo wamabhodlela epulasitiki futhi sakhe ikusasa elizinzile leplanethi yethu. Abantu, amabhizinisi kanye nohulumeni kumele basebenzisane ukuze bathole izisombululo zale nselelo enkulu yezemvelo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-04-2024