Sivame ukusebenzisa "ipulasitiki" ukuchaza imizwa engamanga, mhlawumbe ngoba sicabanga ukuthi ishibhile, kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi iletha ukungcola.Kepha ungahle ungazi ukuthi kunohlobo lwepulasitiki elinenani lokugaywa kabusha elingaphezu kwama-90% eChina.Amapulasitiki agaywe kabusha futhi agaywe kabusha ayaqhubeka nokusetshenziswa emikhakheni ehlukahlukene.
Linda, kungani ipulasitiki?
Ipulasitiki “yomgunyathi” iwumkhiqizo wokwenziwa wempucuko yezimboni.Ishibhile futhi inokusebenza okuhle.
Ngokombiko wango-2019, izindleko zezinto ezibonakalayo ngethani ngalinye lamabhodlela esiphuzo enziwe nge-nombolo 1 yepulasitiki ye-PET resin ingaphansi kuka-US$1,200, futhi isisindo sebhodlela ngalinye singaba ngaphansi kwamagremu angu-10, okulenze libelula futhi longe ngaphezu kwamathini e-aluminium. amandla afanayo.
Kufinyelelwa kanjani ukugaywa kabusha kwepulasitiki?
Ngo-2019, i-China yasebenzisa kabusha amathani ayizigidi eziyi-18.9 zamapulasitiki alahlwayo, anenani lokuphinda lisetshenziswe elingaphezu kwezigidigidi eziyi-100 zamayuan.Uma wonke enziwe amabhodlela amanzi amaminerali, angabamba amanzi afinyelela ku-945 billion wamalitha.Uma umuntu ngamunye ephuza amalitha ama-2 ngosuku, bekuyokwanela ukuthi abantu baseShanghai baphuze iminyaka engama-50.
Ukuze siqonde uhlobo lwepulasitiki, kufanele siqale ngokukhiqizwa kwayo.
Ipulasitiki ivela emandleni ezinto ezimbiwa phansi njengowoyela negesi yemvelo.Sikhipha ama-hydrocarbons anjengegesi ye-petroleum ewuketshezi ne-naphtha, futhi ngokusebenzisa ukuqhekeka kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, "siphula" amaketanga awo ama-molecule amade abe yizakhiwo ezifushane zamangqamuzana, okungukuthi, i-ethylene, i-propylene, i-butylene, njll.
Babizwa nangokuthi "ama-monomers".Ngokwenza i-polymerizing uchungechunge lwama-ethylene monomers afanayo ku-polyethylene, sithola ujeke wobisi;ngokushintsha ingxenye ye-hydrogen nge-chlorine, sithola i-PVC resin, eminyene futhi ingasetshenziswa njengamapayipi amanzi negesi.
Ipulasitiki enesakhiwo esinamagatsha iyathamba lapho ishisa futhi ingahlelwa kabusha.
Ngokufanelekile, amabhodlela eziphuzo asetshenzisiwe angathanjiswa futhi abunjwe kabusha abe amabhodlela eziphuzo amasha.Kodwa iqiniso alilula kangako.
Amapulasitiki angcoliswa kalula ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa nokuqoqwa.Ngaphezu kwalokho, amapulasitiki ahlukene anamaphuzu ahlukene okuncibilika, futhi ukuxuba okungahleliwe kuzoholela ekwehleni kwekhwalithi.
Okuxazulula lezi zinkinga ubuchwepheshe besimanje bokuhlunga nokuhlanza.
Ngemva kokuba amapulasitiki angcolile ezweni lakithi eqoqwe, ephukile futhi ehlanzwa, kudingeka ahlungwe.Thatha ukuhlunga optical njengesibonelo.Lapho izibani zokusesha nezinzwa zihlukanisa amapulasitiki anemibala ehlukene, zizothumela izimpawu zokuwaphusha futhi awasuse.
Ngemuva kokuhlunga, ipulasitiki ingangena kunqubo yokuhlanza kakhulu futhi idlule ku-vacuum noma igumbi lokuphendula eligcwele igesi engasebenzi.Emazingeni okushisa acishe abe ngu-220°C, ukungcola okusepulasitiki kungasakazekela phezu kwepulasitiki bese kuxetshulwa.
Ukugaywa kabusha kwepulasitiki kungenziwa kakade ngokuhlanzekile nangokuphephile.
Ikakhulukazi, amabhodlela epulasitiki e-PET, okulula ukuwaqoqa nokuwahlanza, abe olunye lwezinhlobo zepulasitiki ezinenani eliphakeme kakhulu lokugaywa kabusha.
Ngaphezu kokwenza kabusha iluphu evaliwe, i-PET egaywe kabusha ingasetshenziswa emabhokisini okupakisha amaqanda nezithelo, kanye nezidingo zansuku zonke ezifana namashidi ombhede, izingubo zokugqoka, amabhokisi okugcina, nezinto zokubhala.
Phakathi kwazo, amapeni ebhodlela e-B2P avela ochungechungeni lwe-BEGREEN afakiwe.I-B2P ibhekisela ebhodleleni kuya kupeni.Ukuma kwebhodlela lamanzi amaminerali alingisa kukhombisa "umsuka" walo: ipulasitiki ye-PET egaywe kabusha ingasebenzisa inani endaweni efanele.
Njengamapeni ebhodlela le-PET, imikhiqizo yochungechunge lwe-BEGREEN yonke yenziwe ngepulasitiki egaywe kabusha.Leli peni elincane eliluhlaza le-BX-GR5 lenziwe ngezinto zepulasitiki ezigaywe kabusha ezingu-100%.Umzimba wepeni wenziwe nge-resin ye-PC egaywe kabusha futhi ikepisi lepeni lenziwe nge-resin ye-PP egaywe kabusha.
I-internal core eshintshwayo iphinde inwebe impilo yesevisi yepulasitiki futhi isize ukunciphisa udoti wepulasitiki.
Ithiphu yepeni layo linemifantu emithathu yokusekela ibhola lepeni, okuholela endaweni encane yokungqubuzana nokubhala okushelelayo ngebhola lepeni.
Njengomkhiqizo wokwenza ipeni lochwepheshe, u-Baile akalethi nje kuphela ulwazi olungcono lokubhala, kodwa futhi uvumela udoti wepulasitiki ukuthi unikeze ababhali ngendlela ehlanzekile nephephile.
Imboni yepulasitiki esenziwe kabusha isabhekene nezinselelo ngenxa yezinqubo zokukhiqiza eziyinkimbinkimbi: izindleko zayo zokukhiqiza ziphakeme kakhulu kunamapulasitiki amsulwa, futhi umjikelezo wokukhiqiza nawo mude.Imikhiqizo ye-B2P ka-Baile ivamise ukuphelelwa esitokweni ngenxa yalesi sizathu.
Kodwa-ke, ukukhiqiza ipulasitiki egaywe kabusha kubangela ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi kanye nokukhishwa kwekhabhoni kunepulasitiki emsulwa.
Ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa ipulasitiki eseligaywe kabusha emvelweni yemvelo kungaphezu kwalokho imali engalinganisa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-12-2023