Imibono emisha yokwehliswa kwekhabhoni embonini yokugaywa kabusha kwensiza evuselelekayo

Imibono emisha yokwehliswa kwekhabhoni embonini yokugaywa kabusha kwensiza evuselelekayo

Kusukela ekwemukelweni kweNgqungquthela yeNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene Yokuguquguquka Kwesimo Sezulu yiNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene ngo-1992 kuya ekwemukelweni kweSivumelwano saseParis ngo-2015, uhlaka oluyisisekelo lokubhekana nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke selusunguliwe.

Njengesinqumo esibalulekile esibalulekile, izinhloso ze-carbon peak kanye ne-carbon neutrality (ngemuva kwalokhu ebizwa ngokuthi izinjongo “zekhabhoni embaxambili”) akuzona nje udaba lwezobuchwepheshe, noma udaba olulodwa lwamandla, isimo sezulu kanye nemvelo, kodwa wudaba olubanzi futhi oluyinkimbinkimbi yezomnotho. kanye nezindaba zomphakathi nakanjani zibe nomthelela omkhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwesikhathi esizayo.

Ngaphansi kokuthambekela kokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni emhlabeni wonke, imigomo yezwe lami ekabili ikhombisa umthwalo wemfanelo wezwe elikhulu. Njengengxenye ebalulekile yenkundla yokugaywa kabusha, ukugaywa kabusha kwensiza evuselelekayo nakho kudonse ukunaka okukhulu okuqhutshwa izinjongo zekhabhoni ezimbili.

Kuphoqelekile ukuthi umnotho waseChina uzuze ukuthuthukiswa kwekhabhoni ephansi futhi kusekude phambili. Ukugaywa kabusha kanye nokusebenzisa izinsiza ezivuselelekayo kungenye yezindlela ezibalulekile zokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni. Iphinde ibe nezinzuzo ezihlangene zokunciphisa ukungcola okungcolisayo futhi akungabazeki ukuthi ibalulekile ekuzuzeni isiqongo sekhabhoni kanye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni. indlela. Isetshenziswa kanjani ngokugcwele imakethe yasekhaya ngaphansi kwephethini entsha “yomjikelezo ombaxambili”, ukwakhiwa ngokunengqondo uchungechunge lwezimboni kanye nochungechunge lokuhlinzeka oluxhumanisa imakethe, kanye nendlela yokuhlakulela izinzuzo ezintsha emqhudelwaneni wezimakethe zomhlaba ngaphansi kwephethini entsha yentuthuko, lokhu yilokho okufanele imboni yaseShayina yokugaywa kabusha kwensiza evuselelekayo ikuqonde ngokugcwele. Futhi kuyithuba elikhulu elingokomlando elidinga ukubamba liqine.

I-China iyizwe elikhulukazi elisathuthuka emhlabeni. Njengamanje isesigabeni sokuthuthuka esisheshayo sokuthuthuka kwezimboni kanye nokuya emadolobheni. Umnotho ukhula ngokushesha futhi isidingo samandla sikhulu. Uhlelo lwamandla asekelwe emalahleni kanye nesakhiwo sezimboni ezinekhabhoni ephezulu kuholele ekutheni iChina ikhiphe ikhabhoni. kanye nomfutho ezingeni eliphezulu.
Uma sibheka inqubo yokusetshenziswa kwekhabhoni ekabili emazweni athuthukile kwezomnotho, umsebenzi wezwe lethu unzima kakhulu. Ukusuka esiqongweni sekhabhoni kuya ekungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni kanye nokukhipha i-net-zero, kuzothatha umnotho we-EU cishe iminyaka engama-60 kanye ne-United States cishe iminyaka engama-45, kuyilapho i-China izokhipha ikhabhoni ephezulu ngaphambi kuka-2030 futhi izuze ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni ngaphambi kuka-2060. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iChina kumele isebenzise ama-30 iminyaka yokuqeda umsebenzi othuthuke umnotho oqedwe eminyakeni engama-60. Ubunzima bomsebenzi buyabonakala.

Idatha efanelekile ikhombisa ukuthi umkhiqizo wezwe lami ngonyaka wemikhiqizo yepulasitiki ngo-2020 wawungamathani ayizigidi ezingama-76.032, ukwehla konyaka ngonyaka ngo-7.1%. Isengumkhiqizi nomthengi omkhulu wepulasitiki emhlabeni. Imfucuza yepulasitiki nayo idale umthelela omkhulu kwezemvelo. Intuthuko esheshayo yemboni yepulasitiki nayo ilethe izinkinga eziningi. Ngenxa yokulahlwa okungajwayelekile kanye nokuntuleka kobuchwepheshe obusebenzayo bokugaywa kabusha, amapulasitiki alahlwayo anqwabelana isikhathi eside, okubangela ukungcoliswa okukhulu kwemvelo. Ukuxazulula ukungcoliswa kwemfucuza yepulasitiki sekuphenduke inselele emhlabeni wonke, futhi wonke amazwe amakhulu athatha izinyathelo zokucwaninga nokuthuthukisa izixazululo.

"Uhlelo Lweminyaka Eyi-14 Lweminyaka Emihlanu" luphinde lusho ngokucacile ukuthi "ukunciphisa amandla okukhishwa kwekhabhoni, ukusekela izindawo ezifanelekayo ukuthi zihole ekufinyeleleni inani eliphakeme lokukhishwa kwekhabhoni, futhi zenze uhlelo lokusebenza lokukhuphuka kwekhabhoni ngaphambi kuka-2030", "khuthaza ukuncishiswa komanyolo wamakhemikhali nezibulala-zinambuzane kanye nokulawulwa kokungcoliswa komhlabathi” , kuqinise ukulawulwa kokungcola okumhlophe.” Lona umsebenzi wamasu onzima futhi ophuthumayo, futhi imboni yepulasitiki egaywe kabusha inomthwalo wemfanelo wokuhola ekwenzeni impumelelo.
Izinkinga ezibalulekile ezikhona ekuvimbeleni nasekulawuleni ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki ezweni lakithi ikakhulukazi ukuntula ukuqonda kwemibono kanye nokuqwashisa okubuthakathaka kokuvimbela nokulawula; imithethonqubo, amazinga kanye nezinyathelo zenqubomgomo azishintshwa futhi aziphelele;

Imakethe yemikhiqizo yepulasitiki inesiphithiphithi futhi ayinakho ukugadwa okusebenzayo; ukusetshenziswa kweminye imikhiqizo eyonakala ibhekana nobunzima nezingqinamba; uhlelo lokugaywa kabusha kwepulasitiki nokusetshenziswa aluphelele, njll.

Ngakho-ke, embonini yepulasitiki egaywe kabusha, ukuthi ungawufinyelela kanjani umnotho oyindilinga wekhabhoni ekabili kuyindaba okufanele ihlolisiswe.