Ingabe amanzi asebhodleleni lesiphuzo aphephile?
Ukuvula ibhodlela lamanzi amaminerali noma isiphuzo kuyisenzo esivamile, kodwa sengeza ibhodlela lepulasitiki elahliwe emvelweni.
Ingxenye eyinhloko yokupakishwa kwepulasitiki yeziphuzo ze-carbonated, amanzi amaminerali, amafutha adliwayo nokunye ukudla yi-polyethylene terephthalate (PET).Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa kwamabhodlela e-PET kuqala emkhakheni wokufakwa kokudla kwepulasitiki.
Njengephakheji yokudla, uma i-PET ngokwayo ingumkhiqizo ofanelekayo, kufanele iphephe kakhulu kubathengi ukuthi bayisebenzise ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile futhi ngeke ibangele izingozi zempilo.
Ucwaningo lwesayensi luye lwabonisa ukuthi uma amabhodlela epulasitiki esetshenziselwa kaningi ukuphuza amanzi ashisayo (angaphezu kuka-70 degrees Celsius) isikhathi eside, noma eshisisa ngokuqondile ngama-microwave, amabhondi amakhemikhali asemabhodleleni epulasitiki namanye amapulasitiki ayobhujiswa, futhi izinto ezifakwa epulasitiki. futhi ama-antioxidants angase athuthelwe esiphuzweni.Izinto ezifana nama-oxidants nama-oligomers.Uma lezi zinto sezithuthelwe ngobuningi obudlulele, zizoba nomthelela empilweni yabaphuzayo.Ngakho-ke, abathengi kufanele baqaphele ukuthi lapho besebenzisa amabhodlela e-PET, kufanele bazame ukungawagcwalisi ngamanzi ashisayo futhi bazame ukungawafaki kuma-microwave.
Ingabe ikhona ingozi ecashile ekuyilahleni ngemva kokuyiphuza?
Amabhodlela epulasitiki ayalahlwa futhi asakazwa emigwaqweni yedolobha, ezindaweni zezivakashi, emifuleni nasemachibini, nasezinhlangothini zombili zemigwaqo emikhulu nojantshi.Abagcini nje ngokubangela ukungcola okubukwayo, kodwa futhi babangele ukulimala okungenzeka.
I-PET ayisebenzi ngamakhemikhali ngokwedlulele futhi iyimpahla engaboli engaba khona endaweni yemvelo isikhathi eside.Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma amabhodlela epulasitiki alahliwe engavuselelwa kabusha, azoqhubeka enqwabelana endaweni ezungezile, aphuke futhi abole emvelweni, okubangele ukungcoliswa okukhulu kwamanzi angaphezulu, inhlabathi nezilwandle.Inqwaba yemfucumfucu yepulasitiki engena emhlabathini ingaba nomthelela omubi ekukhiqizeni komhlaba.
Izingcezwana zepulasitiki ezidliwe izilwane zasendle noma izilwane zasolwandle ngengozi zingabangela ukulimala okubulalayo ezilwaneni futhi zibeke engozini ukuphepha kwe-ecosystem.Ngokusho kwe-United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), u-99% wezinyoni kulindeleke ukuthi udle upulasitiki ngo-2050.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amapulasitiki angase abole abe yizinhlayiya ze-microplastic, ezingase zimunywe izinto eziphilayo futhi ekugcineni zithinte impilo yomuntu ngochungechunge lokudla.I-United Nations Environment Programme yaveza ukuthi inani elikhulu lemfucumfucu yepulasitiki olwandle isongela ukuphepha kwezilwane zasolwandle, futhi izilinganiso ezilondolozayo zidala ukulahlekelwa kwezomnotho okufika ku-13 billion US dollar njalo ngonyaka.Ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki olwandle kufakwe ohlwini njengenye yezindaba eziyishumi eziphezulu eziphuthumayo ezifanele ukukhathazeka kule minyaka eyi-10 edlule.
Ingabe i-microplastics ingenile ekuphileni kwethu?
Ama-Microplastics, abhekisela kabanzi kunoma yiziphi izinhlayiya zepulasitiki, imicu, izingcezu, njll. endaweni engaphansi kuka-5 mm ngosayizi, okwamanje agxile ekuvimbeleni nasekulawuleni ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki emhlabeni jikelele.“Uhlelo Lokusebenza Lokulawulwa Kokungcoliswa Kwepulasitiki Phakathi NoHlelo Lweminyaka Eyi-14 Lweminyaka Emihlanu” olukhishwe izwe lami luphinde lufake ohlwini lwamaplastiki amancane njengomthombo omusha wokungcoliswa kwezinto ezikhathazayo.
Umthombo we-microplastics kungase kube izinhlayiya zepulasitiki zomdabu, noma zingakhululwa ngemikhiqizo yepulasitiki ngenxa yokukhanya, isimo sezulu, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukucindezela kwemishini, njll.
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi uma abantu bedla amagremu angu-5 engeziwe we-microplastics ngesonto, amanye ama-microplastics ngeke akhishwe esitokisini, kodwa azonqwabelana ezithweni zomzimba noma egazini.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-microplastics ingase ingene kulwelwesi lwamangqamuzana futhi ingene ohlelweni lokujikeleza komzimba womuntu, okungase kube nomthelela omubi ekusebenzeni kweseli.Ucwaningo luye lwathola ukuthi ama-microplastics ekuhloleni izilwane abonise izinkinga ezifana nokuvuvukala, ukuvala amaseli kanye ne-metabolism.
Izincwadi eziningi zasekhaya nezakwamanye amazwe zibika ukuthi izinto zokuthintana zokudla, njengezikhwama zetiye, amabhodlela ezingane, izinkomishi zephepha, amabhokisi okudla kwasemini, njll., zingase zikhiphe izinkulungwane kuya emakhulwini ezigidi zamaplastiki amancane anobukhulu obuhlukahlukene abe ukudla ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndawo iyindawo eyimpumputhe yokulawula futhi kufanele inakwe ngokukhethekile.
Ingabe amabhodlela epulasitiki agaywe kabusha angasetshenziswa kabusha?
Ingabe amabhodlela epulasitiki agaywe kabusha angasetshenziswa kabusha?
Ngokombono, ngaphandle kwamabhodlela epulasitiki angcoliswe kakhulu, wonke amabhodlela eziphuzo angagaywa kabusha.Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa nokugaywa kabusha kwamabhodlela esiphuzo se-PET, kungase kwethulwe okunye ukungcola kwangaphandle, okufana namafutha okudla, izinsalela zesiphuzo, izihlanzi zasendlini, nezibulala-zinambuzane.Lezi zinto zingahlala ku-PET egaywe kabusha.
Lapho i-PET egaywe kabusha equkethe izinto ezingenhla isetshenziswa ezintweni ezithinta ukudla, lezi zinto zingathuthela ekudleni, ngaleyo ndlela zisongele impilo yabathengi.Kokubili i-European Union ne-United States ibeka ukuthi i-PET egaywe kabusha kufanele ihlangabezane nochungechunge lwezimfuneko zenkomba yokuphepha emthonjeni ngaphambi kokuba isetshenziselwe ukupakisha ukudla.
Ngokuthuthukiswa kokuqwashisa kwabathengi ngokugaywa kabusha kwebhodlela lesiphuzo, ukusungulwa kohlelo oluhlanzekile lokugaywa kabusha, kanye nokwenza ngcono okuqhubekayo kwezinqubo zokugaywa kabusha kwamaphakethe epulasitiki kanye nezinqubo zokuhlanza, ziya ngokwanda izinkampani manje sezikwazi ukuzuza ukugaywa kabusha okujwayelekile kanye nokwenza kabusha ngempumelelo amabhodlela esiphuzo.Amabhodlela eziphuzo ahlangabezana nezidingo zokuphepha zezinto ezithinta ukudla ayakhiqizwa futhi aphinde asetshenziswe ekufakweni kwesiphuzo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-18-2023